They were Penicillin, Amoxicillin, Ofloxacin, Cephalexin, Gentamicin, Erythromycin,
Co-Trimoxazole and Vancomycin Sl.
Once antibiotic susceptibility results were available, definitive treatment with ampicillin and
co-trimoxazole was initiated and administration of other antibiotics was discontinued.
Other antibiotics tested were: imipenem, meropenem, tazobactum, amikacin, cefoperazone sulbactam, gentamicin, cefepime, ceftazidime, co-amoxiclav, ticarcillin, aztreonam, cefoperazone,
co-trimoxazole, cefotaxime, cefixime, ceftriaxone, pipemidic acid and ampicillin.
The children were also placed on
co-trimoxazole (CTX) for opportunistic infection (OI) prophylaxis at some point after HIV diagnosis--in some cases before initiating ART and in others afterwards, depending on the existing national guidelines at the time.
Antibiotics used in this study were gentamicin (G, 10[micro]g), tetracycline (T, 30[micro]g), chloramphenicol (C, 30[micro]g), ampicillin (A, 10[micro]g), nalidixic acid (Na, 30[micro]g), furazolidone (Fr, 50[micro]g), norfloxacin (Nx, 10[micro]g), ciprofloxacin (Cf, 5[micro]g),
co-trimoxazole (Co, 25[micro]g), streptomycin (S, 10[micro]g) and Neomycin (N, 30[micro]g).
coli, resistance was observed most frequently to Ceftazidime (76.92%),
Co-trimoxazole (69.23%), Amoxi-clav (53.84%) and Sparfloxacillin (46.15 %) and less frequently to Ceftriaxone (15.38%), Ciprofloxacin (30.77%) and Gentamicin (30.77%).
The current DoH guideline for treatment of chronic otitis media recommends amoxicillin or
co-trimoxazole for patients allergic to penicillin (Table 3).
A 44-year-old HIV-seropositive man with World Health Organization (WHO) stage IV disease, who had been on highly active anti-retroviral therapy (HAART) of tenofovir, lamivudine and efavirenz, and
co-trimoxazole prophylaxis since March 2008, presented with an 8-month history of genital ulceration and a 4-month history of urethral pus discharge.
Co-trimoxazole prophylaxis (CTXP) may not provide significant protection against bacterial infections in HIV-exposed but uninfected infants, and may even undermine the health benefits of breastfeeding, according to research from South Africa.
were resistant to amoxicillin, chloramphenicol, and
co-trimoxazole but susceptible to ciproloxacin.