crystallite

The values of crystallite size D and lattice strain Iu (Table-1) of anodized aluminum specimens have been depicted by points as a function of anodization temperature in Fig.

The average crystallite size 'D' of the sample was calculated using the Scherrer equation,

Where d is the average crystallite size (nm); k is the shape factor (0.89); [lambda] is the wavelength (0.15406 nm for the Cu-Ka radiation); [beta] (in radians) is the FWHM (full width at half maximum) of the main peak.

60, 400, 600 and 800[degrees]C to obtain modified hydroxyapatite with different crystallite sizes and morphologies.

This system matches the application requirements of the pharmaceutical industry for crystallization studies, polymorph screening structure solution, phase identification and crystallite size determination under ambient and non-ambient conditions.

The crystallite size was calculated by the Scherer equation as 0.9[lambda]/[beta] cos [[theta].sub.B], where k is equal to 0.9, a shape factor for spherical particles, [lambda] is the X-ray wavelength ([lambda] = 0.15405 nm), [theta] is the Bragg angle, and [beta] = B-b, the line broadening.

The crystallite sizes ([d.sub.RX]) for the as-prepared samples were determined (by measuring the broadening of the most intense peak of the phase in a diffraction pattern for the as-prepared samples) according to Debye-Scherrer equation as follows:

The crystallite sizes of the samples were estimated using the Scherer equation in (4) as reported recently in [31].