Natural, inherent -- as
innate ideas, that is to say, ideas that we are born with, having had them previously imparted to us.
'Essay concerning the Human Understanding,' he proved the non- existence of
innate ideas. The best of it is that that is precisely what you claim.
The soul evidently possesses such
innate ideas before she has had time to acquire them.
The thesis that our internal capacity of perception is fine-tuned through its interaction with the external world provides a very useful tool to escape from the objection of circularity that can be posed against any theory of
innate ideas (or its analogous expression as a priori categories).
Beforehand, he prepares for this discussion by commenting on and interpreting several other themes, explaining how they bear on the a priori, especially: the nature of cognition (whether knowledge is more than regulation by clear and distinct perceptions); the will as a stabilizing principle in knowledge (whether the will is primary in rescuing the intellect from inattention and error); and the nature of
innate ideas (whether
innate ideas belong only to understanding or to all the mind's perceptions).
In this essay, I argue that John Locke's belief that Christianity is epistemologically vital to the spread and maintenance of right morals in society is demonstrated by the mutual reinforcement between Locke's argument against
innate ideas that is most prominent in An Essay Concerning Human Understanding and his conclusion in The Reasonableness of Christianity that a great shift in moral thinking started with Christ's advent.
One of several views of epistemology, the study of human knowledge, along with rationalism and skepticism, empiricism emphasizes the role of experience and evidence, especially sensory experience, in the formation of ideas, over the notion of
innate ideas or traditions; empiricists may argue however that traditions (or customs) arise due to relations of previous sense experiences.
The content of this chapter is a nice interplay between clear explanations of Locke's target in Book 1 of the Essay, the theory of
innate ideas, and his own empiricist based view of ideas developed in Book 2, and a survey of several more philosophically complicated issues that arise from his discussion.
The latest date by which Fairer is able to trace the empirical organic in the works of Coleridge and his friends is 1801, when Coleridge, after a tour in Germany in 1798-9, finally renounced Lockean empiricism for "its rejection of '
innate ideas'" (309).
Darwin's theory of evolution did not solve Dewey's dilemma of viewing change or growth as a positive good, but it did "open the books," so to speak, on the concept of
innate ideas and fixed goals.
Psychopedagogicians, when speaking about learning, placed a lot of emphasis on
innate ideas (in the most extreme versions, blacks had less
innate ideas than whites!).