apodeme

Subgenital plate as long as broad, with bristles evenly; sternal apodeme narrow, about 0.2 times longer than sternum (sternal apodeme plus sterno) (Figure 1C); genital capsule (Figures 1D, E) with paramere rounded apically, narrower than parameral lamina, with dense bristles; volsellar lamina with few bristles spaced subapically; cuspis robust, with tooth in lateral and apical parts and a bristle at the apex; digitus narrow, 0.40-0.46 times the length of cuspis plus volsellar lamina, with tooth in the apex, apex rounded dorsally and angulated ventrally, its basal region slightly larger than apical region; aedeagus (including aedeagal apodeme) 0.90-0.95 times the length of paramere plus parameral lamina (including the parameral apodeme); ergot about 0.27-0.37 times the length of aedeagus.

Terminology used for morphological structures follows Cumming and Wood (2017), except the terms hypandrial apodeme and hypandrial middle plate taken from Tschorsnig (1985).

It has been stated that the unguitractor in the adult is in the form of two plates, and it is attached to the tendon-like apodeme of the retractor muscle of the claws.

The measurements of the mouth hook were M1: length from the apex to the ventral apodeme; M2: length from the apex to the dorsal most tip of neck; M3: length from the apex to the anterior base of the dorsal apodeme; M4: height from the apex of the ventral apodeme to the anterior base of the dorsal apodeme; M5: depth of ventral concavity from line M1 to tip of nub; M6: thickness of mouth-hook at posterior base of nub by the posterior notch; M7: distance between the posterior base of nub and dorsal most tip of neck; and M8: width of the ventral apodeme at the base of the neck, in a line parallel to M1.

The aedeagal apodeme is wider than longer and the ventral rod is long (Vilela & Bachli 2004).

10a-b): Short and broad; basal apodeme comparatively broader, with thick and darkly pigmented struts, anteriorly less sclerotized; basal plate laterally concave; endome and mesomere structure (fig.

Sternal apodeme straight, not curved posteriorly (Fig.

Apodeme of male sternum narrow and rod-shaped (Fig.

neutral: ectoproct (male)--with versus without a long, slender "appendage" (apodeme) [21]; subgenitale (female)--sclerotized versus unsclerotized [21]; microtholi (domelike cuticular glands) on male abdomen present versus absent (see [4], also see Table 1).

The sejugal apodeme is emarginated around the middle.

Males were an average total length of 31.2 [+ or -] 0.3 mm with the following dimensions of hooks (sensu Riley, 1981; Buckle et al., 1997): overall length of hook = 332.2 [+ or -] 0.2 [micro]m; length of hook from the point at which the blade meets the shank to the tip of the anterior apodeme = 240.3 [+ or -] 0.5 [micro]m.

Both apodeme area and the cross-sectional area of closer muscle, which are key predictors of claw closing force, scale with positive allometry with respect to carapace width as well (17).