polar front

One of the strongest open ocean barriers in the world is the Antarctic Polar Front (APF), which isolates the Southern Ocean from warmer waters at lower latitudes and thus contributes to the high endemism found in the Southern Ocean (Thornhill et al., 2008; Kaiser et al., 2013).

The polar front remains over the area on Saturday, remaining very cold and cloudy.

He said: "The polar front is the name given to the boundary between the cold air to the north and milder air to the south.

"The impact of the polar front will continue until Saturday.

To elaborate the classification of the weather types for the rhythm analysis, the classes of atmospheric systems identified by Monteiro (1973) were used, as follows: 1) Frontal Systems--Polar Atlantic Front (FPA), Reflex Polar Front (FPR), Polar Atlantic Front in Dissipation (DIS), Occlude Polar Atlantic Front (OCL), Repercussion of Polar Atlantic Front (REP), Stationary Polar Atlantic Front (EST), and Warm Front; 2) Individualised Systems--Tropical Instability Line and Atlantic Intertropical Convergence Zone; and 3) Air Masses--Polar Atlantic mass (mPA), Old Polar mass (mPV), Continentalized Old Polar mass (PVC), Tropical Atlantic mass (mTA), Continentalized Tropical Atlantic mass (TAC), Tropical Continental mass (mTC), and Equatorial Continental mass (mEQ).

Sullivan, the meteorologist, said the cold snap would be followed by two more polar fronts through the weekend.

This complexity was to be found from south of the Cape (35oSe) down to the periphery of the major polar front activity at 45oSe, covering the entire southern Africa up to Madagascar.

"At this time of year, the Polar Front Jet should be heading north, but over the weekend those easterlies will return with a vengeance, with rain turning to snow, and with a severe windchill.

"Polar Low" has been defined as the genericterm for all mesoscale cyclonic vortices poleward of main polar front. It should be used for intense maritime mesocyclones with scales less than 1000 km with strong wind speeds [1].

Adding to all this, the Ross Sea is considered to be the most productive stretch of water in the Southern Ocean and, despite its small size, contributes roughly a quarter of all the primary productivity generated in all the waters south of the Polar Front. Its 'pyramid' appears to be shaped more like a 'column' or 'trapazoid,' similar to tropical rain forests and coral reefs.