The lethal effect of pyrethrum was determined as 55.5-78.5%; the effect of pyrethrum on Pristiphora abietina (Christ, 1791) (Hymenoptera:
Tenthredinidae) larvae has been investigated in a study conducted by Gokturk (2017) where it was determined as 71.7-98.8%.
The gall-inducing Cecidomyiidae seems to have evolved directly from detritivorous/mycetophagous ancestors, while other insect groups have evolved from: spores/pollen feeders (such as Thysanoptera: Phloeothripidae); plant sap feeders (as Hemiptera: Adelgidae, Eriosomatidae, Psyllidae, and Coccidae); foliage feeders (as Coleoptera: Curculionidae and Hymenoptera:
Tenthredinidae); stem borers (as Hymenoptera: Cephidae); leaf miners (as Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae, and Diptera: Tephritidae and Agromyzidae); and from zoophage parasitoids (as Hymenoptera: Cynipidae) (Roskam, 1992).
Notes on the biology, parasites, and inquilines of Pontania pacifica (Hymenoptera:
Tenthredinidae), a leaf-gall incitant on Salix lasiolepis.
To assess the availability of chick prey within brood habitats, sawfly larvae (
Tenthredinidae, Symphyta), the main chick prey item (Baines et al.
(8) Folhas (u) -- -- x
TENTHREDINIDAE Periclista marginicollis Folhas (m) x (Norton, 1861) (4,7) XYELIDAE Megaxyela major (Cresson, Folhas (m) x -- -- 1880) (4,7) LEPIDOPTERA COLEOPHORIDAE Coleophora laticornella Brotos e folhas (m) x (Clemens, 1860) (4,7) COSSIDAE Cossula magnifica Troncos (f) x (Strecker, 1876) (2,7) DEPRESSARIIDAE Timocratica palpalis Tonco e Ramos (n) -- x x (Zeller, 1877) (3,5) EREBIDAE Catocala maestosa Hulst, Folhas (m) x 1884 e Catocala spp.
Eficacia de Peak Plus en el control de Caliroa cerasi (Hymenoptera:
Tenthredinidae).
(Hymenoptera:
Tenthredinidae) that form galls on willows (Al-Saffar & Aldrich 1997; Kopelke 1994).
Phylogeny and Ecology Evolution ofGallinducing Sawflies (Hymenopetra:
Tenthredinidae).
Orden Familia Bosque Arbustal Pastizal Diptera Tipulidae 20 19 82 Mycetophilidae 8 9 Culicidae 5 2 Sin determinar 33 101 64 Hymenoptera Braconidae 8 27 16 Ichneumonidae 1 15 6 Evanidae 3 Sphecidae 1 Eurytomidae 1
Tenthredinidae 1 Sin determinar 1 Araneae Tetragnathidae 1 17 19 Theridiidae 2 3 Caponiidae 5 Linyphiidae 3 1 Araneidae 1 Hemiptera Cicadellidae 16 6 Pyrrhocoridae 7 Aphidae 2 1 Delphacidae 1 1 Enicocephalidae 1 Pentatomidae 1 Membracidae 1 Sin determinar 1 Coleoptera Anthribidae 5 3 Curculionidae 7 Lycidae 2 3 Cantharidae 1 1 Sin determinar 2 1 Psocoptera sp.
Significant damage may also be caused by some groups of hymenopterans whose larvae develop within the tissues of the tree, such as sawflies (
Tenthredinidae) and horntails (Siricidae), or by the chrysomelid larvae of leaf beetles (family Chrysomelidae).
The most abundant leaf chewers attacking our oak saplings included species of Hesperiidae, Geometridae, Lymantriidae,
Tenthredinidae, and several orthopterans.