Selective bronchial arteriography was consequently performed and it showed tortuous, dilated, and elongated branches of the
bronchial artery in the region of the right lower lobe bronchus [Figure 1]d.
The abnormal angiographic signs that support the diagnosis of feeding vessels responsible for bleeding include contrast extravasation into the bronchial lumen, arterial enlargement, hypervascularity, tortuosity, vascular aneurysm/pseudoaneurysm, vessel cut off, and
bronchial artery to pulmonary artery or vein shunting (2, 4-7).
Technological advances have enabled a more effective management, especially with the introduction of
bronchial artery embolization and the improvements in computed tomography and bronchoscopy.
Because of his pulmonary condition, a
bronchial artery haemorrhage was suspected, so he underwent urgent Multidetector Computed Tomography (MD-CT).
The present study was intended to evaluate the role of various co-morbid risk factors in
bronchial artery embolisation (BAE) for managing haemoptysis.
The blood supply to lungs occur through
bronchial artery which is subjected to vasoconstriction in the absence of ventilation and can lead to ischemic injury to lungs13-16.
The patient developed hemoptysis 45 minutes after talc injection through the chest tube and immediately required a
bronchial artery embolization (Figure 2).
(3) In our cases, we discussed the anomalies of pulmonary vessels leading to decreased pulmonary artery pressures,
bronchial artery hypertrophy, and hemoptysis.
Hughes-Stovin syndrome (HSS) is a very rare clinical entity, which is characterized by peripheral venous thrombosis and multiple pulmonary and/or
bronchial artery aneurysms and is associated with a high mortality.
In 1979 Hellekant [9] discussed the use of intra-arterial mitomycin via
bronchial artery administration in the treatment of bronchogenic carcinoma, where great emphasis was placed on the potential for devastating neurologic damage from spillover into spinal cord perfusion beds.