In particular, it would have been helpful to have a glossary that defined the following:
Pennsylvania Germans, German Pennsylvanians, standard German, Palatine German, High German, Low German, Pennsylvania High German, Pennsilfaanisch, Pennsylvania Dutch, Dutchified English, and Dutchifted German.
(1) English boss-y, funn-y [right arrow]
Pennsylvania German bass-ig, fonn-ig (Haugen 1950: 219)
Visitors can also take home
Pennsylvania German food from the farmers market and fresh-baked bread from the festival's own stone bread oven.
There has long been a scholarly antiquarian regional interest in the Pennsylvania Dutch, as witnessed to by the many publications of the
Pennsylvania German Society.
Asian piece to 20th century paintings by Pablo Picasso and Henri Matisse, from
Pennsylvania German art, and a complete Indian Hindu temple.
The author summarizes much of the
Pennsylvania German ethos in the statement that its "[p]easant republicanism regarded true liberty in negative terms--that is, as freedom from intrusive agents to change" (31).
In Amish country they spoke a
Pennsylvania German that the Americans erroneously called Pennsylvania Dutch; but there were also the so-called Fancy Germans, worldly, semi-Americanized Germans who had largely lost their mother tongue as a result of the two World Wars.
Pennsylvania German words, written in dialect with English translations, enrich the story.
The present study addresses this claim with data from
Pennsylvania German (PG) and analyzes discourse markers of both German and English origin.
Milnes's archival research on the instrument's origins traces it to
Pennsylvania German settlers.
(1.) Charles Glatfelter, Pastors and People: German Lutheran and Reformed Churches in the Pennsylvania Field, 1717-1793, Vol.2: The History (Breinigsville, PA: The
Pennsylvania German Society, 1981).